Population mobility and economic development in Eastern India

As a consequence of the population explosion witnessed in this century, the movement of human populations from one region to another has become a major area of research. Whether investigated by economists, sociologists or geographers who differ widely in their approaches the main question remains the same why do people migrate? Are there any patterns discernible?
The present study on population geography investigates the relationship between levels of economic development and population mobility. The author has selected the Eastern region, comprising the states of Bihar, Orissa and West Bengal, characterized by economically undeveloped and overcrowded rural areas on the one hand and growing industrial Centres on the other. He first presents detailed description of the geographic and economic base of the study area.

Dr. Mahto has drawn on secondary source material, including census data pertaining to the decade 1961-71, and has used sixteen indicators of economic development. He finds that total migration is not correlated with economic development because female migration, which accounted for two-thirds of the total is generally for social reasons (marriage migration). Male migration when separately analysed is very clearly related to levels of economic development. The findings on distance and direction of migration, and inter-state mobility are suggestive.
This study which demonstrates the effective use of the latest statistical and cartographic techniques in analysing and presenting spatial patterns cannot but interest students of population studies. Those using economic, sociological or geographical approaches as well as development planners will find it informative and enlightening.