Unions, employers and government essays on Indian labour Questions

THIS BOOK HAS CROWS OUT OF STUDY AND OBSERVATION I HAVE carried on during and between three visits to India over the past twelve years. In this time my wife and I have lived for more than three years all told in India. For this opportunity we are greatly indebted to the generous facilities for leave, research and travel that have become such a major latter day perquisite of the American academic profession. For sabbatical and other leaves of absence, I am grateful to the University of California, Berkeley. For research and travel grants, I am indebted to the Fulbright programme administered by the United States Educational Foundation in India and to the American Institute of Indian Studies. One of my visits was as a consultant to the Ford Founda tion. I owe much to these organizations and their staffs for mate rial and personal assistance, but none is in any way a party to the views expressed in these pages. The chronology of my India visits is as follows:

August 1953-January 1955, Fulbright grant August 1959-May 1960, Consultant, Ford Foundation September 1964-August 1965. Fellowship. American Institute of Indian Studies

For my wife and me, living in India has been rich in both professional and personal satisfaction. For a great part of this we owe thanks to a large circle of warm friends and to a much larger number of informants from many walks of life from many parts of India. Much of my work has been done by interview. This has put me heavily in debt to many scores of trade union officers, managerial and employer association officials, govern ment personnel and faculty members of educational institutions, all of whom, with insignificant exceptions, have given generously of their time and information, have been patient with my questions and have expressed their views with candour.