Indian fundamental rights

The present book is not a mere analysis of the fundamental rights as embodied in the Indian Constitution; it goes a little deeper. It seeks to analyse different concepts of rights both in the Indian as well as the western political traditions. and it also endeavaurs to find out the extent to which our Founding Fathers were influenced by them.
The emergence of the concept of rights in our country is a modern phenomenon. To trace its genesis we need go only as far back as the time of the Permanent Settlement, under which the colonial rulers created property rights in land. This was the signal of a revolutionary change in the Indian body politic. It gave rise to litigation and litigation necessitated the birth of the class of professional lawyers. This was the beginning of the rise of middle classes in India. As in the west, in our country also, the middle classes were the harbinger of the concept of rights.