Political theory

Political science is a science which deals with the State and government. In its classical form, Western political thought had its origin in the city-states of ancient Greece. The oriental peoples had speculated on the State and its problems even before the time of the Greeks. But they did not develop political science in its pure and systematic form. It was mixed up with a great deal of mythology and superstition. Religion and politics were so closely intertwined that no attempt was made to develop an independent science of politics. The social sciences were treated as a branch of theology. The task of separating politics from religion, superstition, and mythology first fell to the lot of the Greeks. Thus it was that the Greeks were the first people to develop political science in its pure and systematic form.
Early Hindu thought has much to say on kingship, village republics, organization of government, and the duties of rulers and subjects. All of this, however, does not produce a comprehensive political theory. Confucius of China and Kautilya of India seem to have been more concerned with the art of government than with the theory of the State.