000			02765cam a2200325 a 4500
999			_c344364 _d344364
001			16599456
003			OSt
005			20210620123343.0
008			110105s2011 nyuab b 001 0 eng
010			_a 2010053502
015			_aGBB177426 _2bnb
016	7		_a015836468 _2Uk
020			_a9780199756551 (hardcover : alk. paper)
020			_a0199756554 (hardcover : alk. paper)
035			_a(OCoLC)ocn695560144
040			_aDLC _cDLC _dYDX _dYDXCP _dUKMGB _dBWX _dCDX _dDLC
050	0	0	_aBL2018.7.K44 _bD43 2011
082	0	0	_a294.69 _222 _bDHA
100	1		_aDhavan, Purnima.
245	1	0	_aWhen sparrows became hawks : _bthe making of the Sikh warrior tradition, 1699-1799 / _cPurnima Dhavan.
260			_aNew York : _bOxford University Press, _cc2011.
300			_ax, 253 p. : _bill., map ; _c25 cm.
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references and index.
505	0		_aCh. 1 introduction: the origins of the khalsa -- Ch. 2 early narratives of the last guru and the creation of the khalsa -- Ch. 3 (re)making the khalsa, 1708-48 -- Ch.4 the making of a sikh sardar: two jassa singhs and the place of sikhs in the eighteenth-century military labor market -- Ch. 5 rereading alha singh: rebel, raja, and sikh sardar -- Ch. 6 from peasant soldier to elite warrior: raiding, honor feuds, and the transformation of khalsa identity -- Ch. 7 devotion and its discontents: the affective communities of gurbilas texts -- Ch. 8 conclusion.
520			_aChallenging the commonly accepted belief that the distinctive rituals, ceremonies, and cultural practices associated with the Khalsa were formed during the lifetime of the Tenth and last Sikh Guru, Gobind Singh, Purnima Dhavan reveals how such markers of Khalsa identity evolved slowly over the course of the eighteenth century. By focusing on the long-overlooked experiences of peasant communities, she traces the multiple perspectives and debates that eventually coalesced to create a composite Khalsa culture by 1799. When Sparrows Became Hawks incorporates and analyzes Sikh normative religious literature created during this period by reading it in the larger context of sources such as news reports, court histories, and other primary sources that show how actual practices were shaped in response to religious reforms. Recovering the agency of the peasants who dominated this community, Dhavan demonstrates how a dynamic process of debates, collaboration, and conflict among Sikh peasants, scholars, and chiefs transformed Sikh practices and shaped a new martial community.
650		0	_aKhalsa (Sect) _xHistory.
906			_a7 _bcbc _corignew _d1 _eecip _f20 _gy-gencatlg
942			_2ddc _cB