000			02492nam a2200217Ia 4500
999			_c176960 _d176960
005			20220516203655.0
008			200208s9999 xx 000 0 und d
020			_a9780472065462
082			_a333.7 OST
100			_aOstrom, Elinor
245		0	_aRules, games and common pool resources
260			_aMichigan
260			_bMichigan University Press
260			_c2006
300			_a369 p.
520			_aWhile the tragedy of the commons is real, there are many instances where institutions develop to protect against overexploitation. In this important work, the authors explore empirically, theoretically, and experimentally the nature of such institutions and the way they come about. Forests, irrigation systems, fisheries, groundwater basins, grazing lands, and the air we breathe are all examples of common-pool resources (CPRs). Because no one has property rights or control over such a resource, users of CPRs are frequently assumed to be caught in an inescapable dilemma ― overexploitation of the resource, or what is commonly known as "the tragedy of the commons." Many well-documented examples of overexploitation exist. The users of commonly held resources have, however, in many instances overcome incentives to destroy the resources and have developed long-enduring institutions that enabled them to utilize these resources more effectively. Understanding the conditions under which users of CPRs successfully develop and maintain effective institutions is critical to facilitating improved resource policies. Using the analytic tools of game theory and institutional analysis and an empirical foundation based on controlled laboratory experiments and field data, this book explores endogenous institutional development. Specifically, this research focuses on three questions. In CPR dilemmas, to what degree are the predictions about behavior and outcomes derived from noncooperative game theory supported by empirical evidence? Where behavior and outcomes are substantially different from the predicted, are there behavioral regularities that can be drawn upon in the development of improved theories? What types of institutional and physical variables affect the likelihood of successful resolution of CPR dilemmas? This is a work of important relevance to all studying environmental issues from a wide variety of disciplinary perspectives.
650			_aPublic goods
700			_aGardner, Roy (ed.)
700			_aWalker, James (ed.)
942			_cB _2ddc