Social change and problems of develoopment in India
- Bombay Allied Publishers 1978
- 142p.
Social change has characterized all societies since their inception. How ever, its rate became faster with the beginning of Industrial Revolution in the 17th century. The two important aspects of change in recent times are, first, changes in the realm of political ideas and, secondly, the desire to have rapid economic development through Modernization and Industrialization. In attaining the second objective the developing countries are beset with numerous difficulties, including eco nomic, social, political, religious, legal, cultural, etc. Till recently these diffi culties were considered in terms of economics only. But now it has been realized that these difficulties are of all types.
Economic development in the underdeveloped countries had many social implications which could be divided into two broad categories. First, those which hampered econo mic development and, secondly, those which arose as a result of economic development. Both have been dis cussed in this volume. In Chapter I it has been pointed out that to have rapid development, efficiency has to be brought about in all the three sectors of economy, i.e. Agricultural, Industrial and Tertiary. And for that planning was desirable. Chapter II deals with the precondi tions and difficulties involved in rapid industrialization while Chapter III is concerned with the consequences of industrialization and urbanization. Chapter IV deals with the problems of rural development, particularly that of agriculture and rural industries.
Here it has been pointed out that to avoid social disorganization arising out of higher income in rural areas, change in the realm of values was more desirable. The conditions of agricultural labour had gone from bad to worse and need special attention. In the last chapter it has been stressed that balance had to be struck between welfare services and other productive needs of the community so far as investment was concerned. To have rapid economic develop ment four things, i.e. check on popu lation, changes in institutions, ade quate savings and development of human character were most desirable. The sooner it was realized the more rapid would be the progress.